What are the three types of routing?

Excuse me, could you please elaborate on the three types of routing that are commonly used in the world of cryptocurrency and finance? I'm particularly interested in understanding the distinct features and advantages of each type, as well as how they contribute to the overall efficiency and security of transactions. Additionally, could you provide any real-world examples to further illustrate your points? I'm sure this information will be invaluable for those who are just starting their journey in this exciting field.