What is the U in physics?

One of the most prominent examples of potential energy is rest mass potential energy, which every object possesses due to its mere existence. This energy is tied to the object's mass and remains latent until it is converted into another form, such as kinetic energy.

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Another type of potential energy is gravitational potential energy, which arises when an object is positioned in such a way that it can be influenced by gravity and has the potential to fall. This energy is a result of the object's position relative to the source of gravity, such as the Earth.

Gravitational potential energy increases as the object is lifted higher above the Earth's surface, as it has a greater distance to fall and thus more potential to release energy upon doing so. Conversely, the closer an object is to the Earth's surface, the lower its gravitational potential energy.

Potential energy, denoted scientifically as U, represents the stored energy within an object that is not currently in motion but possesses the capacity to become active. This form of energy is inherent in all objects, even when they are at rest.